They speak Punjabi , a language from the Indo-Aryan language family. The Punjabis are the 7th largest ethnic group in the world by total population. The historical Punjab region see Partition of Punjab for important historical context is often referred to as the breadbasket in both India and Pakistan. Prior to that the sense and perception of a common "Punjabi" ethno-cultural identity and community did not exist, even though the majority of the various communities of the Punjab region had long shared linguistic, cultural and racial commonalities. Traditionally, Punjabi identity is primarily linguistic, geographical and cultural. Its identity is independent of historical origin or religion and refers to those who reside in the Punjab region or associate with its population and those who consider the Punjabi language their mother tongue. More or less all Punjabis share the same cultural background.
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Punjabi at a glance
Punjabi language , Punjabi also spelled Panjabi , one of the most widely spoken Indo-Aryan languages. It is the official language of the Indian state of Punjab and is one of the languages recognized by the Indian constitution. In Pakistan Punjabi is spoken by some 70 million speakers, mostly in Punjab province , but official status at both the national and the provincial level is reserved for Urdu.
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The boundaries of the region are ill-defined and focus on historical accounts. The geographical definition of the term "Punjab" has changed over time. In the 16th century Mughal Empire it referred to a relatively smaller area between the Indus and the Sutlej rivers. It bordered the Balochistan and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa regions to the west, Kashmir to the north, the Hindi Belt to the east, and Rajasthan and Sindh to the south. The people of the Punjab today are called Punjabis , and their principal language is Punjabi. The main religion of the Pakistani Punjab region is Islam. The two main religions of the Indian Punjab region are Sikhism and Hinduism. The Punjab region was the cradle for the Indus Valley Civilisation. The region had numerous migration by the Indo-Aryan peoples. Historic foreign invasions mainly targeted the most productive central region of the Punjab known as the Majha region, [3] which is also the bedrock of Punjabi culture and traditions.
It is the native language of the Punjabi people , an ethnolinguistic group of the cultural region of Punjab , which encompasses northwest India and eastern Pakistan. Punjabi is the most widely spoken language in Pakistan , [7] the 11th most widely spoken language in India and the third most-spoken native language in the Indian subcontinent. It is the third most spoken language in the United Kingdom after the native British languages and Polish. It is the twenty-sixth most spoken language in the United States , and tenth in Australia. The name of the region was introduced by the Turko-Persian conquerors [13] of South Asia and was a translation of the Sanskrit name for the region, Panchanada , which means 'Land of the Five Rivers'. The historical Punjab region , now divided between India and Pakistan, is defined physiographically by the Indus River and these five tributaries.
